Tourism is one of the largest opportunities India has—a sleeping beauty, if you will. And it would be fair to say that not much has happened on this front directly.
Announcements are welcome, but let me start with the biggest positive. The last 5-7 years have seen significant infrastructure investment in India—roadworks, the renaissance of railway stations, and a doubling of the number of airports—which creates the connectivity needed to build tourism. So tourism is not a direct beneficiary, but an indirect one. Tourism, hospitality, airline catering, and airlines themselves all benefit from this infrastructure investment. Some of the recent announcements will further boost tourism, and those are very positive.
However, my recommendation—across various platforms that I chair, including the National Council of Tourism and Hospitality at CII and FAITH, which is the apex body of all tourism and hospitality associations—has always been around three specific asks.
The first is infrastructure status for the sector in full form. It was changed 12 years ago, possibly based on a population census from 20 years prior. Infrastructure status enables smaller and mid-level players to borrow at marginally cheaper rates and benefit from repayment relaxations during the gestation period, given that this is a capital and labour-intensive sector. There was no reason to take it away, and there is no reason we should be treated differently.
The second is industry status at the state level. Some states have granted it, but execution has not yet happened. Industry status helps with competitive utility costs, because hotels have historically been among the highest taxed and highest levied sectors in terms of duties, utilities, property taxes, and so on.
The third ask—which has now become perhaps the most fundamental—is tourism marketing. The budget for marketing destination India to the world through the tourism ministry has been brought down by 90% and is now effectively zero, barring mandatory fee commitments for participation in international events.
This matters enormously because since COVID, foreign tourist arrivals in India have either stagnated or gone backwards, even as our neighbouring countries have benefited significantly despite having far less to offer. Southeast Asia remains very strong in tourism. India talks about 10 million foreign tourist arrivals, but a large portion of those are diaspora visitors with foreign passports coming to meet family—not real tourists in the traditional sense. Just to put it in perspective, the city of Paris alone receives 25 million tourist arrivals every year—2.5 times all of India.
The current geopolitical situation adds further pressure—airfares have risen sharply, certain airspaces are closed, flying times have become longer, and there is a general hesitancy around flying over conflict zones. All of this is a dampener for India.
And there is a broader economic imperative here. We need to earn foreign exchange — a lot of foreign investment has gone out of India. We need to showcase Brand India: our culture, our colours, our unity in diversity, our landscapes that are second to none—from the finest mountain ranges to stunning coastlines both in the north and south, river tourism, business tourism, everything. As India grows in global importance, business visitors will increasingly want to extend their stays and explore. So there is a lot to showcase.
Domestic demand has been very encouraging, and we are pleased with that growth. But it would be good to get the fair share of foreign tourist arrivals that India rightly deserves.